00:00welcome to the a 16z podcast day one of
00:03Google i/o and I have Benedict Evans
00:05here to pick it apart for us benedict
00:08I was excited by just the name of
00:12Android M it makes it seem so non
00:14lollipop e etcetera and I was waiting
00:17for an incredible breakthrough in candy
00:20naming candy naming but what did we get
00:23well it's interesting and this ha maybe
00:29half a dozen sort of separate things to
00:31talk about here the first thing is
00:34Android n which has a bunch of perfectly
00:38worthwhile sensible improvements some of
00:40which were in iOS some of which will be
00:43in iOS as is always away with this stuff
00:45no really big tentpole improvements to
00:49be honest a few little bits and pieces
00:51and lots of good stuff but no no big
00:53tempo improvements what's increased
00:56interesting and in what's increasingly
00:57apparent from Google is that all the
00:59innovation really is happening in the
01:01Google services that get laid on top
01:03over Android and in many cases of course
01:06are also available on iOS and indeed on
01:08the web so wait describe that for us if
01:11it doesn't sit inside Android
01:13necessarily or it's not part of Android
01:14it it's it's where so well there's two
01:17answers to that one is it may simply be
01:19a standalone app like Google Photos
01:21which we can talk about in a bit the
01:23other is that it may be something that's
01:24integrated into Android like Google now
01:27but that it's fundamentally a cloud
01:29service and there is a there's a set of
01:32tools on the device but that's really
01:34just kind of an endpoint mean a special
01:36for something that's happening somewhere
01:38else and so there are I suppose three
01:43two or three and sort of things worth
01:46pulling out than new here the first is a
01:48relaunch of Google's of attempts in
01:50payments this time using the mobile
01:52operators soft card system she's sort of
01:55similar in some ways and similar and
01:57different in other ways to Apple pay so
01:59this was a resist the time payment on
02:01the device using your card but with a
02:02sort of a pass-through tokenization
02:04system which is kind of quite fiddly and
02:06they announced well they get say details
02:08so I could actually sin what's your
02:09offer noon session to work out well
02:11they're actually saying that
02:12like no name no partner banks you know
02:15no country is nothing like that but so
02:19we have wind now we have we have Google
02:20page to match Apple pay and there's a
02:22fingerprint API if you have a phone that
02:24has a fingerprint scanner in it but of
02:25course you know it's very hard to make
02:27fingerprint scanners especially if
02:28you're not Apple and to make a good one
02:32and then there's an interesting contrast
02:34I think between that and then the other
02:36the second thing is Google photos and so
02:40Google photos looks a little bit like
02:42Apple photos or the thing that was
02:44rolled out in iOS 7 or iOS 8 so it
02:46groups all your photos by location by
02:48date as a cloud sync across every device
02:50unlimited storage unlimited storage
02:53where for Apple you have to pay well
02:55depends how much you've got you can pay
02:56a few dollars a month you can pay $15 a
02:58month or $20 a month and if surprise
03:01people that didn't know people didn't
03:02makeup that Apple didn't make that free
03:03and but then what you also have which
03:08Apple doesn't have is a cloud-based
03:11image recognition so you can search for
03:13people and it has face recognition you
03:14can just search for dog or boat and it
03:17will find that photo that you two two
03:18years ago of about with a dog on it or
03:20whatever it is and it's interesting to
03:23contrast that with and there's an iOS
03:25app as well and so it's interesting to
03:28contrast this with Google pay Apple pay
03:32because you know here you have a perfect
03:35example it's really hard to do it like
03:37integrated a fingerprint scanner with
03:38you know semiconductor support and a
03:40sapphire thing and the whole thing that
03:42Apple's built really hard for the
03:43Android ecosystem to deliver that
03:44because nobody controls the whole stack
03:46on the other hand Google finds it really
03:49easy to do image recognition in the
03:50cloud of every photo you've ever taken
03:52because that's what Google does and
03:53Apple conversely would find it be
03:54difficult to do that is theoretically
03:56they could but it's just not in their
03:58DNA and so you've got this you know this
04:00thing that's been clear for a couple of
04:02years is this sort of divergence of
04:03Apple and Google find it much easier to
04:05compete each of them are good they're
04:08good at completely different things
04:09and so one of them will provide a
04:11product that's perfectly okay up to a
04:14in one area and a fantastic product in
04:17the other area and the other company
04:19will be the completely other way around
04:20apple apple skills so Apple is really
04:22good Apple is really great stuff that's
04:24about integrated hardware
04:26and Bert craford you know not great at
04:28you know integrated internet services
04:30are not really interested in machine
04:32learning at all so they would say we
04:33don't scan your photos we don't want to
04:34scan your photos they're your photos
04:36whereas Google would say you know we
04:38want to understand everything that
04:39you're doing so that we can give you
04:41better stuff so that we can tell you
04:42what that photo well okay so that raises
04:43the question then and this is always the
04:45question you have to ask with free
04:46services what's in it for Google and I'm
04:49talking about Google photo right now I
04:50think there's several answers to that
04:53one of them is they get all the photos
04:55and they can analyze them and that's
04:57more data for them to understand the
04:59same as Google Books say it's just gets
05:01data in and then think about it and you
05:02can work step out from that the second
05:05is the more that you are logged into
05:06Google and all the you're using Google
05:08services the more that they have a sense
05:10of who you are and your identity and
05:11where you've been and what you might be
05:13interested in and that translates
05:15through to better Google now
05:17recommendations for example and better
05:19map directions and all sorts of things
05:21and better search results customized for
05:23you it also of course results in more
05:25relevant advertising I mean I think the
05:27fundamental way to understand Google is
05:30this a vast machine learning engine and
05:31everything that they do is about reach
05:32and they didn't really care what at the
05:34reach is as long as they've got more and
05:35more of it and that's where each both
05:38getting data in and reach getting data
05:39out and which device you use or what
05:43kind of data it is is less important
05:46than the fact of the reach which is why
05:48this is on iOS because and I mean I
05:51think another way of thinking about this
05:53is that for for Google Android is a
05:56tactic and cloud is a strategy whereas
05:59for Apple the device is a strategy and
06:02the cloud is a tactic the cloud is a
06:03feature of the core strategy whereas for
06:06Google the device is a feature of the
06:08core strategy what does this say then
06:10and kind of our relationship with mobile
06:12in terms of you know you've got free
06:14storage you've got unlimited bandwidth
06:16it sounds like I mean if photos are that
06:18easy that simple and storage is that
06:21cheap that Google just is giving it away
06:22where are we kind of in in this kind of
06:26continuum of what is valuable and what's
06:28valued it's interesting so well there's
06:31several ways to answer that one is that
06:32it used to be that music was a core
06:34point of strategic leverage the audio
06:37music was in daraa a DRM it was in
06:39coated in a certain way or and you know
06:40it was a pain to switch from device to
06:42device to switch from an iPod to
06:43something else or back again once we
06:45went to streaming services it became
06:46really really easy to switch from device
06:48to device and so content really isn't a
06:50strategic level anymore
06:51it may be we'll see what Apple does with
06:53music next week but you know for the
06:55sake of argument now content doesn't
06:56matter to Apple or Google it's just to
06:58check what's feature photos on the other
07:00hand if you've got all your photos in
07:02Apple's iCloud system it's real pain to
07:05tip remove to an Android device and vice
07:08versa if you know if you're if you've
07:10got everything in Google photos yet
07:11we'll have to see how well this works on
07:12iOS but clearly on an Android it will
07:15automatically sync seamlessly without
07:17you having to think about it on iOS it
07:19probably won't or we'll see what how the
07:20integration was so photos kind of does
07:23become a point of strategic leverage and
07:25you know way of differentiating your
07:26product from other people I think
07:28there's another point in here which is
07:29you know Google gave this number of a
07:31trillion photos being taken a yeah I've
07:32got no idea where they got that form
07:34because even if you just add up the
07:36numbers from Facebook and snapchat
07:38Facebook and Instagram and whatsapp and
07:40so on you get to about 8 or 900 billion
07:42photographs taken last year unless if
07:44it's re shared so if there are 8 or 900
07:47shared last year there's no way the
07:49total number of photos taken was a
07:51trillion it's got to be 10 trillion or
07:53100 trillion yeah because the photos you
07:55share are you like yeah exactly
07:57so that's like white you know that
08:00numbers way short of the title just for
08:02contrast into 1999 about 80 billion
08:04photos were taken by consumers on film
08:06so they were kind of the next that the
08:10next point having said there were no
08:11tentpole features I've kind of actually
08:13talked about three things but none of
08:14them actually really Android they're
08:16Google cloud services that then get may
08:18or may not appear on iOS as well as on
08:20Android and so the first one is paid the
08:21second one is photos pays Android only
08:24photos is not and then the third is is
08:27it now to tap or chapter now or
08:29something and which is basically an
08:31extension of Google now which is
08:32available anywhere you are on Edward and
08:34if the app is written properly then you
08:36basically you can be looking at a
08:37listing and Yelp and you can activate
08:39Google now and it won't you show you
08:41what the address is and what the saiga
08:43rating is and you know
08:44tell you to drive there or whatever
08:47relevant information people thinks it
08:48could provide about that and so it's the
08:50same now is always kind of where as you
08:54know you look away Google now works at
08:55the moment is it's always looking over
08:56your shoulder and every now and then it
08:57makes a helpful suggestion
08:59whereas neck but only further your web
09:02surfing in your email and your calendar
09:03and what-have-you but it doesn't look at
09:04you when you and Yelp or what apps
09:06you're looking at now you can ask Google
09:10now or what do you think about this
09:11who's playing this song where's that
09:13restaurant how did and yeah and it's
09:15very context driven so you could be
09:16looking at a restaurant in yelled and
09:19you could just activate now and say hey
09:22how long would it take me to get there
09:23and you actually just say that you
09:26actually literally say how long would it
09:28take me to get there
09:28and it looks at what you're looking at
09:30it works out that there's an address
09:31there and then it works out how long it
09:33would take you to get there know is that
09:34you're looking at a restaurant it knows
09:35exactly and say this is you know to my
09:38point this is the machine learning and
09:39the cloud and you know the stuff that
09:41Apple would struggle to do and this is
09:43the magic of 15 years of machine
09:45learning which is everything that Google
09:46has been building and so what we saw all
09:48the way through i/o was you know that's
09:51what we do that's what we are and
09:52everything that we build is an
09:54expression of that or a way to
09:56distribute that or get reach for that or
09:57make it easier for people to access that
09:59and so you almost felt like Apple so
10:03we're the Apple event their whole
10:04narrative is here is this really cool
10:06stuff we built in iOS and here is this
10:09really cool stuff we built to make it
10:11easy for you to build great apps on top
10:13of iOS whereas for Google it's much more
10:18here is this really great stuff that
10:21Android users can get and here are these
10:24really great api's that you can use to
10:26build apps but it's like Wheatley's
10:29Google is much more about the apps
10:30they've built and the operating system
10:32right and it's it's icy and it's not so
10:35much about this ecosystem that that
10:36again on an annual basis gets improved
10:38yeah this is yeah I mean this is the
10:40thing we're talking about earlier
10:41because everything is in the cloud you
10:43get this sort of I had the same feeling
10:45last year they were sort of felt
10:46slightly anticlimactic I will say that
10:48we've done this a couple of times and
10:49and you nonplussed is as the
10:53my response to that it says that you
10:56know Apple though obviously the hardware
10:58comes I won't see you but that's the set
10:59of two separate point Apple is rolling
11:01out an operating system once a year
11:03they're rolling out an operating system
11:04that will go on to most of the devices
11:06pretty quickly so right now about 80 85
11:08percent of all live Apple devices of
11:12running iOS 8 according to both their
11:14stats and soora Mixpanel starts or
11:17so basically Apple rolled out this
11:18operating system everybody gets it more
11:20or less pretty soon and you when you do
11:24an operating system you know you can't
11:26do it every month or every you know
11:27every year is about right arguably every
11:29year is too often so there's a whole
11:31bunch of cool stuff and that drops once
11:33a year and then the next year there's
11:35more to cool more cool stuff from Apple
11:37from apple from Google there's two
11:40issues here the first is the cool stuff
11:42is all really in the cloud and it's
11:43getting better every day
11:44so the idea of an annual release cycle
11:47is more to do with like PR and a
11:50developer event than it is well this is
11:53the stuff we've been working on for the
11:54last year because like they'll carry on
11:57working and they'll release more stuff
11:59next week and the week after in the week
12:01after that will contain their skin is
12:02continually south-south acquired works
12:03the other thing is that right now about
12:0810% of all the live Google Android
12:10devices are running lollipop which
12:11Google announced at i/o last year and
12:13but actually only deployed in the autumn
12:15so it's been out in the market eight
12:16nine months or something ten percent of
12:19the base has got it now if you look at
12:21data for mix panels they actually see
12:2320% of their active user base has got it
12:26so as his which is you'd expect you know
12:28people who are doing stalling cool apps
12:30that use Mixpanel like more likely to be
12:31on the latest version but that's still
12:3320% versus 80% and so you know Google if
12:37Google was to spend you know a whole
12:39bunch of time and effort making an
12:40amazing feature for Android it's go take
12:42them for like three years before the
12:44majority of the base has got it so why
12:46wow there's wouldn't it make much more
12:49sense yeah for it to be the cloud thing
12:51that gets deployed and of course you
12:52know this is the other the thing that
12:54sundar talked about last year but didn't
12:56talk about this year is it something
12:58like 95% of all live Android devices of
13:01running the latest version of Google
13:02Play services which is the layer that
13:05all of their cloud intelligence and so
13:07yes you're not running the latest
13:08version of Android so you may not get
13:11the new camera API or the new version of
13:14pay or the fingerprint API all that kind
13:16of stuff all you know the new graphics
13:18stuff whatever but you'll have noodle
13:22now but Miller stuff will put on new
13:23Google Maps stuff and all of that stuff
13:25will appear immediately and so your
13:26point is that it doesn't matter so much
13:28that google consciously kind of
13:31separating OS from yes as Google is
13:34separating the OS from the cloud they're
13:36moving all the intelligent interesting
13:38stuff into the cloud as a layer that
13:40gets updated all the time and so IO is
13:44not like this is where all this year
13:47in the way that it is for Apple the way
13:49there would have been for Microsoft when
13:51you're doing an actual operating system
13:53they get shipped on to devices yes
13:55Android is an operating system that gets
13:56shipped on to devices but because it'll
13:58like the dynamics and the slow
13:59replacement cycle and fragmentation and
14:00everything else more and more of what
14:02they're doing is kind of being shifted
14:04into the cloud or it's sent to this
14:05cloud layer that they built on top
14:07called call play services and you see
14:10that most obviously in Google now where
14:12you know it's a client but it's a client
14:13for a cloud service you see it in I
14:15don't know maps I mean you know we
14:18didn't even talk about maps but you know
14:20they wouldn't say so if supposing they
14:22were to do so do Street View now Street
14:24View they might announce it at Google
14:25out because why not but it's not
14:28something that you know and you gets
14:29updated once a year it's some Google
14:31Maps is updated every second and row
14:33features appear all the time so that's
14:35the kind of distinction I think in what
14:38do you hear google talk about it in
14:40those terms I mean for example they
14:42didn't talk about numbers of Android we
14:44didn't hear about chrome at all are they
14:47perfect I mean do you think that their
14:49hat of the same mind as you that all the
14:53good stuff is happening on the cloud so
14:54at some point we won't even be talking
14:56about this kind of underlying or the
14:58same the OS etcetera I read a blog post
15:01it's called what does Google need in
15:03mobile and the analogy that I used is
15:06this book written by French academic
15:09called Pierre Bay are just a sort of
15:11slightly facetious title of how to talk
15:13about books you haven't read and
15:16the point that he makes is I haven't
15:18read that one I'll be honest yeah I can
15:20yeah I'll let you look at it the point
15:23that he makes is if is that imagine a
15:25book that you read when you were 17 and
15:29didn't really understand frankly anyway
15:31and then imagine a book that's just come
15:34out and you've read four reviews of it
15:35which of those would you actually be
15:37better able to talk about right when I'm
15:4035 or whatever yeah exactly
15:43there's a book that you've read and
15:44completely forgotten you've actually
15:46read it there's a book that you read
15:49half off there's a book that you've
15:50skimmed the book that you know you've
15:52read three other books by that guy and
15:54you've read the back of the bit so you
15:55kind of know what that book is and so
15:57the point is have you read it isn't
15:58binary actually in a kind of a
16:00fundamental underlying you know meaning
16:03the sense of the meaning of what you
16:03mean when you say do you know about that
16:05book and so in the same sense you know
16:06for Google to have reach is in binary
16:08you know if you are you know supposing
16:13you have a Google Android phone that's
16:15not like forked or anything it's got all
16:16the Google services and you'll
16:17completely logged in and everything's
16:19perfect and you live in a suburb and you
16:22and you know the way to work and you
16:24know the way to the mall and you know
16:25the way to your friends have flow to the
16:27bar and so you never use Google Maps and
16:30you don't have any meetings so you don't
16:32use calendar then you use exchange at
16:34work and like how much all Google's
16:37really getting from you is web search
16:38right now imagine you are you know 20
16:42year old developer living in San
16:43Francisco with your iPhone you've got an
16:45iPhone you're signed into Google Maps
16:46and you use Gmail and you use Google
16:51don't use Chrome because no one uses
16:52cream on on your iPhone
16:54they're like which was giving them more
16:58stuff so there's all sorts of different
17:00variations in here for Google and this
17:02is the point that Apple sells boxes
17:04Google doesn't sell phones and so you've
17:07got this completely different dynamic of
17:08what they're trying to build and how
17:09they kind of trying to go about building
17:10stuff and you see that in you know this
17:14is what you see and what they build that
17:16you know why is iOS you know you know
17:19photos is an IRS of course it is well so
17:22that's right she's on iOS for iOS for
17:24Apple it is a binary though you either
17:26are your well this is this is what I was
17:28that you know they're doing the same
17:30things but for one of them it's a tactic
17:32and for the other one of them is a
17:33strategy and so there's not this sort of
17:35fundamental conflict between them
17:36they're just arriving in different
17:37places the other part of the IO that got
17:39everybody excited about was VR there
17:41seem to have been quite a bit of
17:43announcements hardware platforms etc
17:46last year I believe Google launched
17:49cardboard yes so so what did we see and
17:52where does it take us so Facebook bought
17:55oculus Google has a investment in a
17:58company called magically which will and
17:59also invested in which is augmented
18:01reality as opposed to virtual reality
18:02but also 3d and there is sort of sense
18:06from anybody whose use this product that
18:08sort of oh my god this is part of the
18:10future not quite sure what part of the
18:13future what it might look like and then
18:16you've got another layer which is well
18:18fundamentally VR 3d oculus is smartphone
18:24supply chain it's just a smartphone
18:26really we're software oh it's waiting to
18:30be part of a smartphone right yes
18:31exactly I mean VR is as small is
18:33basically smartphone components is the
18:35endpoint of the smartphone supply chain
18:36and so like drones and wearables and
18:38catch at home and all this other stuff
18:40VR is a peace dividend of the smartphone
18:42was not the other piece but you know
18:44it's a dividend of the smartphone well
18:45this is all these components and
18:46therefore it shouldn't necessarily be
18:49this placed at this proprietary system
18:51being made by this one company that got
18:52bought by Facebook you should just be
18:53another screen and it should be an
18:56aspect of every screen maybe you're
18:57certainly every smartphone and so you
18:59already see this with the the Samsung
19:01Galaxy gear VR which does is a
19:04partnership with oculus or use a
19:05smokeless technology but clearly Google
19:07would take the view well you know all
19:08we're really doing is having a
19:10smartphone show two images and work out
19:11where the smartphone is pointed really
19:14so that kind of should be part of
19:17Android it all indeed you know part of
19:19YouTube and so what they've done is they
19:22put this partnership with GoPro for
19:24basically daisy-chain a whole bunch a
19:27dozen or so GoPro cameras in a circle so
19:29you can record 360 degrees a 3d video in
19:34high-def so I've seen I've seen actually
19:38I think GoPros done this but people have
19:41yeah you can have them together but you
19:42know you then have to put a lot of
19:43software in because you've got to
19:45balance the images and you've got a you
19:46know you've got a image correct and
19:48light correct for light and shade and
19:50all this kind of stuff so you get this
19:51thing and so what that means is you then
19:53have a stream and you can put the oculus
19:55in and you're standing next to Paul
19:56McCartney on stage and the video is
19:58playing and you can turn your head and
19:59you see the video behind so it's fully
20:02and it's 3d which isn't really basically
20:08but what you're doing is you're taking
20:09commodity cameras no less and software
20:12right and so they've got a dozen cameras
20:15or two dozen cameras basically pointing
20:17out would set into a ring and then you
20:20have software that takes the video from
20:22each of those and merges them and
20:24corrects them so that you get a high
20:25definition 3d stream that's in 360
20:28degrees so you can turn your head around
20:29and look behind you or look wherever you
20:30want and then you have an integration
20:33with YouTube so that you can publish
20:36your stuff directly into YouTube and
20:37distribute it to you cheap and connect
20:39YouTube to your 3d device whether it's
20:41an oculus or something else and then
20:43your cardboard which is really just a
20:45kind of an observation that you know you
20:46just need to your lenses and to hold the
20:48screen with the right distance from your
20:49eyes I mean I saw a whole bunch of this
20:50in um I'd say yes it's just kind of
20:53three pieces of plastic right hold the
20:55vein of the thing this thing in the
20:56right distance through your eyes with
20:58two lenses in front and you know a
20:59little bit of a few gears and so on
21:01theoretically so do you expect then in
21:03that kind of YouTube paradigm
21:05you've got HD you've got 3d you've got
21:07VR buttons on the bottom and you've got
21:09yeah and you know obviously you have to
21:11you know you have to you have the right
21:13harness and put your phone in front all
21:15right and in the right place or maybe
21:16you have a dedicated one or something
21:17but I think what Google is trying to do
21:20is to just pull this all under software
21:21and pull it all into the cloud and say
21:23well now that's part of YouTube now and
21:25we don't need a dedicated system to do
21:27that and so it's gonna be interesting to
21:29see obviously for games or anything
21:30interactive is quite different and video
21:32is obviously only one aspect of what you
21:34would do with 3d but for 3d video I
21:36think Google are making their play to to
21:39participate there and again as far as
21:41the ecosystem Chris Nixon here at the
21:43firm he talks about it as a new kind of
21:45medium yes does this push that that
21:48access to it much quicker yes it makes
21:52you know it's the box brownie story all
21:54over again I think the you know that
21:56doesn't mean there aren't a whole bunch
21:57of challenges of what you actually do I
21:59mean this is sort of you know I think 3d
22:02video is really at the kind of pre I
22:05since nine stage you know somebody's
22:07actually got to work out here you can
22:08cut and you can move the camera and then
22:12start filming again oh wow what does
22:16that mean you can do montages you know
22:18you can have a carryin on a camera and
22:20this is all the stuff that had to be
22:21invented because people started out just
22:23filming a theater and it takes a while
22:25to work out you can actually move the
22:27camera and you can cut the film and it's
22:29society the same thing for VR you know
22:33what does it mean for a director to be
22:35shooting the scene where you are
22:38focusing on where you want people to
22:40look and your closer in your choice of
22:43lens and you close up and you're you
22:45know how you frame the shot when the
22:47person who's watching this can kind of
22:48turn their head and look out the window
22:50never mind like walk out of the room and
22:53walk down the map or down the hall but
22:54you know well that question well what is
22:56this first we know how what with what
22:58with linear entertainment look like in
23:00this environment google also announced
23:01or has upgraded shall we say Google home
23:05what's that all about and and what have
23:07we seen there so we have a new
23:10programming language a new platform
23:12called brillo and a networking platform
23:15I think called weave again I've got to
23:17go and look at all the details sessions
23:19around this essentially if you've got a
23:21connected light bulb or connected
23:24thermostat or something Android probably
23:27doesn't fit on that device just cuz it's
23:29too small and too cheap and not hasn't
23:32got enough memory or and the CPU storage
23:34and say you want something else but you
23:36probably want something else it isn't
23:38some horrible embedded system and so
23:41what is it and Google's answer is well
23:43use this and here's another open global
23:46open standard that anyone can use Google
23:49owns nest and to describe then how this
23:51could work in that kind of nest view of
23:54the well I think there's two parts one
23:56is it's just another way of trying to
23:59accelerate uptake so it becomes easier
24:02to make the LA connected light bulb or
24:03the connected scale or the connected
24:05or whatever it is or the connected you
24:07know window local you know really really
24:08small light cheap things it becomes easy
24:10to make those and it also becomes easier
24:12to auto discover them and to configure
24:15them all and they'll automatically show
24:16up now they will automatically show up
24:18in Android there may be an iOS client
24:20whatever but as it just kind of is a
24:22fundamental enabling technology it's a
24:25sort of an open standard to make it
24:26easier to make all of these things and
24:28you know that's fine I think the you
24:32know the the challenge with interesting
24:34standards is the old joke the same any
24:36cheese forms and there's a fundamental
24:40sort of underlying question here which
24:42is how many of these things need to be
24:45smart need to talk to each other need to
24:48be plugged into a common standard you
24:51know does your door lock need to talk
24:52your door lock might talk to your car
24:54alarm it probably doesn't need to talk
24:55to your TV set and so we're still sort
24:59of and then of course you have all
25:01semiconductor platform companies trying
25:03to do lower level interconnection
25:04systems and so there's all sorts of sort
25:06of stuff swirling around here and it
25:09hasn't quite kind of crystallized
25:12developing world yeah so this is
25:15interesting and obviously this is
25:18something that Google and Facebook have
25:19both been circling around quite a lot
25:21there whereas it might be two to two and
25:23a half to two and a bit billion people
25:25on earth today who have a smartphone
25:27there are depending on your estimate
25:29somewhere between four and five billion
25:33people with a mobile phone maybe even
25:37there's over seven billion connections
25:38but you know an awful lot of people have
25:40multiple Sims so like there's something
25:42like 900 million live connections in
25:45India but at least half of that is
25:46people with more than once in maybe more
25:48so one of the things on my list of to do
25:52is to get my own estimate my own guesses
25:54for how many people live all but in yet
25:57there were at least another billion and
25:59possibly two or even three billion more
26:01people to get a smartphone on earth and
26:03all of those people have less money than
26:05the people who have smartphones today
26:06almost all of them and a lot of them are
26:09also and live in countries where
26:13and and living countries where they may
26:14not have access to mains power so it's
26:16challenging charger phone live in
26:18countries where they may not have a
26:19birth wiki now what its may not be built
26:21out or they may live in rural areas
26:23where there is weak coverage or no 3G
26:25coverage in there on GPRS or edge
26:27probably GPRS so their dial-up modem
26:29speeds basically and the fact that
26:32somebody is willing to buy a 30 or 40
26:35dollar Android phone does not mean
26:37instead of a $600 Android or phone or
26:39iPhone does not mean that the mobile
26:41operator can give them a gig of data for
26:43$0.50 a month because the network's
26:45still kind of cost what it costs so you
26:47have a cost of data issue and a coverage
26:49and a speed issue and so what Google is
26:52doing is are they doing various things
26:54including balloons Project loon yes but
27:00more tangibly what they're doing is a
27:03it's very interesting you if you're in
27:07one of these markets the search page
27:09will be like have to use 10% as much
27:11data so all the clever HTML stuff and
27:14the drop shadows and everything is
27:15stripped out and if you then tap on a
27:17link you won't get the page you'll get
27:21Google stripped down a cut down
27:22transcoded version of that page so you
27:25won't necessarily get the time story in
27:27The Times of India you'll get Google's
27:28transcoded version of the story in The
27:30Times of India where the image is taken
27:32out or some of the images taken out or
27:34down scaled and all the JavaScript taken
27:36out and so on apparently will the ads
27:38still they're important but which means
27:44that the page will load much quicker on
27:46sweetie and obviously if you are we know
27:48the publishers in that market they may
27:49well have had they had in mind people
27:51who have only got those two nodes those
27:53phones but you know if they're looking
27:54at you know a page from the developed
27:56world that develop and they will never
27:57have thought that hey maybe people are
27:59accessing this don't you story I wonder
28:00I mean there's some part of me that
28:01would like that here for that matter
28:03yeah I know you mean it's one of those
28:05things a bit like internet.org which
28:07clearly infringes on Internet need on
28:09net neutrality in some ways but is also
28:11actually a response to fundamental user
28:13needs and you know if you are you know
28:16if you could have you paid for 10 or 20
28:19mega of data this month and that's a
28:21meaningful part of your income then a
28:23web page it uses a mega data it's a
28:25right and the fact that it's neutral is
28:29really neither here nor there so this is
28:31again as I said like the balloons like
28:33internet.org it's a sense of the new
28:35year the next billion people have got
28:37challenges that are different from the
28:39challenges that we face in getting
28:42well Benedict thanks as always yeah
28:45thank you we will be sure to broadcast
28:48the next episode using a VR rig in 3d
28:51and 360 degrees so you can look at the
28:53back of Benedict's head that's it
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